Electricity. It's something that we rely on every day. It runs our lights, fans, refrigerator, freezer, computers, and other machines we use to accomplish important tasks. We don't think all that much about it, until we don't have it. Here in Tanzania, there have long been issues with the electricity, problems with generating enough for the increasing demand in the country, keeping equipment maintained, and things like that. Around 71% of the country's electricity is produced by a hydroelectric dam in south-central Tanzania, and if there is not enough rain during the year to fill the reservoir, there is not enough water to generate adequate power for the country. When there is not enough electricity to go around, the power company institutes "load shedding," or power rationing. This means that the power is off in one section of the city (or country) for a period of time, and later it is switched on and another area is switched off. When we first moved to Dar es Salaam in 2006, there was a pretty severe drought in central Tanzania, and the water in the dam was very low. For about 4 months we had consistent power cuts, and for several weeks at the end the power was off every day from 6 am to 6 pm. Thankfully the rain eventually came in December, and another gas-run power plant came online, so after that we had power every day. For the past few years we have had pretty consistent electricity, with occasional faults and other issues that cause temporary power cuts, but those usually last for a few hours and are finished when the problem is fixed. This past November the power company started power rationing again, and over the days and weeks the story came out about a severe shortage of power in the country, due to several different factors, one being lack of rain. In the beginning we had power cuts about every other day for 6-10 hours. These kinds of cuts are frustrating when we rely on electricity for so many things, but fortunately they started with a semi-predictable schedule, so we could generally plan to get things done while the power was on, and find ways to do things differently when it was off. We have a gas stove and oven, for which I am very thankful, so we can do the cooking we need at any time (as long as the tanks of propane gas are available!). Our small chest freezer stays closed when the power's off, so generally things stay frozen, and we try to limit opening the fridge when we can to keep it cool inside. We can run our laptop on battery power, and use candles, lanterns, headlamps and flashlights when the power is off in the evening. There are times when it's almost nice to have the power off, to remind us and our kids of all the things we can do without being plugged in to electronics--family games of charades, Uno, and Go Fish are a few of the things we've enjoyed doing together during some evening power cuts. So for the most part, we were able to keep things going fairly well through those initial power cuts.
"Evening candlelight"
"Decorating our Christmas tree during a power cut"
The first rationing schedule continued for several weeks, then for the past couple of months we have had power cuts nearly every day, usually one day off from 8am to 6 pm, then next day off from 6 pm to 11 pm, then the next day off from 8 am to 6 pm again. That's a lot of time without power. On top of that, this is the hot season in Tanzania, beginning in mid-November and going through March/April, depending on when the rains come. Well, really, here in Dar es Salaam, it's more like the humid season. The temperatures are generally in the 80's and 90's, but the humidity is usually anywhere from 60-80% or more. It's the time of year when everyone is sweaty, our boys have heat rash, and everyone moves a little slower. Having fans running in every room makes life more bearable, and air conditioning is a wonderful relief when it's available. We have one air conditioner in our house, in our bedroom, and it is a refreshing place to retreat to in the evening. It helps us sleep better, which in turn helps us function better during the daytime. When the power is off in the evenings, it can be really hard to cool off and get a good night's rest, which affects daily life as well. Once it became apparent that these power cuts are going to be a way of life for a while, with no end in sight, we started to consider ways that we could make life more bearable and keep some basic things running while the power is off. One option was to buy a generator, which is noisy but can run quite a few things with the power that it generates. The machines themselves can be expensive, and require fuel, which is an ongoing added expense. Another option, which we had been looking at for a while, is a charger-inverter system, where a battery is charged when we receive electricity from the power company, then when the power is off the inverter supplies electricity from the battery through the house to select wall sockets and lights. This option costs about as much to set up as to purchase the generator, depending on the size of the system you choose, but once it's set up there is very little maintenance and no fuel required to operate it. We do pay slightly more for electricity as it charges up the battery but the amount is negligible.
"The charger-inverter"
Since we had received a few generous year-end gifts, we decided to go ahead and invest in a small 600 watt charger-inverter system for our home. It has been such a tremendous blessing in these past weeks since it was installed! It can't run the fridge, freezer, or air conditioner, but it runs fans, lights, and computers, and we can plug other small things into it as needed. It makes such a difference to be able to have a fan running in this tropical climate, or to be able to turn the lights on as we're getting the boys ready for bed in the evenings, and to get work done on the computer without having to worry about the battery dying after an hour or two. Everyone can settle down to sleep better, and it has really helped Dwight's mom be able to cope with the changes in climate since she has been here this past month (be sure to read about her trip here to Tanzania in "Grandma is my teacher!!!"). We are thankful for this resource that is helping us to function better and to keep on with life and work. Yet these power shortages are devastating to many of the small businesses in the country, who can't afford backup generators or inverter systems. They're losing their stock and can't operate their machinery, and the prices for food and other things are going up. It's causing serious economic hardship for people who were already just struggling to get by. Please pray for a solution to the power shortage--for rain, first of all, because that affects many other aspects of life for everyone as well, and also for the political, technical, and financial problems that need to be resolved in order to restore consistent electric power to the country.